Exploring the horizon of an Israeli Palestinian confederation

The ongoing war, genocidal violence, occupation, and humanitarian catastrophe in Israel-Palestine have exposed the terminal crisis of the status quo. Despite decades of peace processes, the two-state paradigm has been rendered nearly impossible by settlement expansion, territorial fragmentation, and the denial of Palestinian self-determination. Meanwhile, one-state realities on the ground do not offer political equality for both peoples. In this vacuum, a third horizon is being discussed among academics: a confederation of two sovereign states sharing one homeland.